The sheet to print
Working in another EU country: the sheet to keep
Six reflexes, from the first HR email to the clause blocking a promotion. Each one carries the text it stands on.
File EU 492/2011
This page is made to be printed: when printing, the whole screen around it disappears.
Law as verified onJuly 29, 2026
- 01
Answer the “work permit” request with the official page
As an EU citizen you generally do not need a work permit in the EU, and a permit is never required for the self-employed. Keep the “generally”: it covers rare special regimes, not your ordinary hiring.
Section “Work permits” · Work permits: EU citizens · europa.eu - 02
Let neither national priority nor quotas rank you
You take up available employment with the same priority as nationals, and caps on the employment of foreigners, by number or percentage, do not apply to EU citizens.
Article 1 · Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 (freedom of movement for workers), Article 1 · eur-lex.europa.eu - 03
Take the job-related language seriously, challenge the pretext language
Language requirements demanded by the nature of the post are admitted by the text. What is not admitted are conditions imposed only on foreigners and special recruitment procedures.
Article 3 · Regulation (EU) No 492/2011, Article 3 (inapplicable provisions and practices, language exception) · eur-lex.europa.eu - 04
Claim every advantage served to nationals
Same conditions of employment and work, in particular remuneration, dismissal and re-employment, and the same social and tax advantages: bonuses, allowances and subsidised rates included. “Reserved for nationals” is not a reason.
Article 7(1) and (2) · Regulation (EU) No 492/2011, Article 7 (equal treatment), paragraphs 1 and 2 · eur-lex.europa.eu - 05
Treat any discriminatory clause as already dead
A clause of a collective or individual agreement that lays down discriminatory conditions by nationality is null and void, whatever its date and signatures. Challenge it in writing, text attached.
Article 7(4) · Regulation (EU) No 492/2011, Article 7, paragraph 4 (nullity of discriminatory clauses) · eur-lex.europa.eu - 06
In case of discrimination, knock on the door provided
The national equality body informs, helps you lodge a complaint, and may, with your approval, take the case to the competent courts. Trade unions, NGOs and lawyers remain complementary supports.
Section “How to enforce your rights” · Equal treatment at work: enforcing your rights · europa.eu
General information on the European baseline, not legal advice on your case. Independent educational site, unconnected to the institutions of the European Union. The redress links in this file point only to official bodies.
Sources checked on July 29, 2026. · https://depleindroit.odersa.org/en/fiches/travailler-dans-un-autre-pays · Content licensed under CC BY 4.0.
What the law owes you
Every right with its amount or its deadline, the extract of the official text it rests on, and its address.
Access to employment with the same priority as nationals
Any national of a Member State has the right to take up and pursue employment in another Member State, in accordance with the rules governing the employment of nationals, and enjoys the same priority in access to available employment.
The official text · Article 1
Official Journal of the European Union · EUR-Lex · https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02011R0492-20210801“Any national of a Member State shall, irrespective of his place of residence, have the right to take up an activity as an employed person, and to pursue such activity, within the territory of another Member State in accordance with the provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action governing the employment of nationals of that State. […] He shall, in particular, have the right to take up available employment in the territory of another Member State with the same priority as nationals of that State.”
Foreigner quotas do not count you
Provisions restricting the employment of foreign nationals by number or percentage, per undertaking, branch of activity, region or nationwide, do not apply to nationals of the other Member States.
The official text · Article 4(1)
Official Journal of the European Union · EUR-Lex · https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02011R0492-20210801“Provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action of the Member States which restrict by number or percentage the employment of foreign nationals in any undertaking, branch of activity or region, or at a national level, shall not apply to nationals of the other Member States.”
Generally no work permit, and never for the self-employed
An EU citizen generally does not need a work permit to work in the EU, and a permit is never required for self-employed people. The official page's “generally” covers rare special regimes.
The official text · Section “Work permits”
Your Europe · European Union · https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/work/work-abroad/work-permits/index_en.htm“As an EU national you generally don't need a work permit to work anywhere in the EU. Work permits are never required for self-employed people in the EU.”
Same conditions of employment, same social and tax advantages
No difference in treatment by reason of nationality for any conditions of employment and work, in particular remuneration, dismissal and re-employment, and the enjoyment of the same social and tax advantages as national workers.
The official text · Article 7(1) and (2)
Official Journal of the European Union · EUR-Lex · https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02011R0492-20210801“1. A worker who is a national of a Member State may not, in the territory of another Member State, be treated differently from national workers by reason of his nationality in respect of any conditions of employment and work, in particular as regards remuneration, dismissal, and, should he become unemployed, reinstatement or re-employment. 2. He shall enjoy the same social and tax advantages as national workers.”
A discriminatory clause is null and void
Any clause of a collective or individual agreement concerning eligibility for employment, remuneration, working conditions or dismissal is null and void in so far as it lays down discriminatory conditions towards workers of the other Member States. No signature saves it.
The official text · Article 7(4)
Official Journal of the European Union · EUR-Lex · https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02011R0492-20210801“Any clause of a collective or individual agreement or of any other collective regulation concerning eligibility for employment, remuneration and other conditions of work or dismissal shall be null and void in so far as it lays down or authorises discriminatory conditions in respect of workers who are nationals of the other Member States.”
The written limit: the language required by the nature of the job
The protections against discriminatory conditions do not apply to linguistic knowledge required by reason of the nature of the post to be filled. A genuine language requirement, tied to the post, is allowed; the pretext language is not.
The official text · Article 3
Official Journal of the European Union · EUR-Lex · https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02011R0492-20210801“provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action or administrative practices of a Member State shall not apply: (a) where they limit application for and offers of employment, or the right of foreign nationals to take up and pursue employment or subject these to conditions not applicable in respect of their own nationals; […] The first subparagraph shall not apply to conditions relating to linguistic knowledge required by reason of the nature of the post to be filled. […] prescribe a special recruitment procedure for foreign nationals;”
A national equality body to back you
In case of discrimination you can turn to a national equality body: information, help with a complaint, and sometimes, with your approval, action before the competent courts.
The official text · Section “How to enforce your rights”
Your Europe · European Union · https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/work/work-abroad/equal-treatment-with-nationals/index_en.htm“If you believe that you have been discriminated against, you can bring your case to a national equality body […] Some may simply provide you with useful information regarding your situation, while others can help you make a complaint. They may even, with your approval, take your case to the competent courts.”
This site is educational and independent: it is not an official site of the European Union, and this verdict is not legal advice on your case. The wordings quoted are copied from the official text and the official pages, whose link appears under each right.
File EU 492/2011
The items in this file
Every item has its own page. The situation is played here; what you keep, what you send and what you re-read live next door.